Design of a novel ablative pyrolysis reactor springerlink. Fluidized bed reactors have been proven at a commercial scale, and are the most common design. The main chemical processes in cfb can be modeled, and the bed is divided into two zones corresponding to the pyrolysis and secondary reactions. The principal features of the reactor are the following. The effect of process variables on pyrolysis in a freefall. Process design and economics for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to hydrocarbon fuels fast pyrolysis and hydrotreating biooil pathway november 20 susanne jones, pimphan meyer, lesley snowdenswan, asanga padmaperuma pacific northwest national laboratory eric tan, abhijit dutta national renewable energy laboratory. Technoeconomic analysis of biomass fast pyrolysis to. Upon heating, pyrolytic conversion takes place within seconds, the pyrolysis products are separated from the heat carrier material, and quickly cooled down in a quench. Comprehensive kinetic modeling study of biooil formation. The european network was first formed in 1995 as an ec sponsored project in the air programme air3ct941857. The whole pyrolysis system is composed by parts, which are reactor,transmission device, catalytic chamber, cooling tube, heavy tank,oilwater separator, condenser, light oil tank, safety device, vacuum system, dedusting system, draft fan, chimney. Pyrolysis reactor design is one key to the fast pyrolysis process in determining the product distribution, both qualitatively and quantitatively.
This is a slow pyrolysis reactor with heat transfer rate very low. The aim of this work is to analyze the optimal operating conditions for fast biomass pyrolysis. Pdf design of pyrolysis reactor for production of bio. Wood powder was introduced to the pyrolyzer at 20 kgh during the experiments. Process flow diagram for btgs fast pyrolysis btg, 2012. Circulating fluid bed reactor reactors ablative pyrolysis.
Effect of temperature and heating rate effects on product distribution from the fast pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse in a hot plate reactor accepted in the journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis, 2016, doi. Circulating fluidized bed reactor schematic 16 figure 9. Design, development and characterization of a microreactor for fast pyrolysis of biomass feedstocks. Stable operation of the pyrolyzer was easily achieved, and the resulting yields of the products were 54. Introduction environmental concerns and possible future shortages have. Design and operation of a low cost biooil fast pyrolysis from. Important design issues are kinetics, modelling and reactor hydrodynamics 3,4. Kulkarni, hansheinrich carstensen, kevin van geem and guy b. The iifb reactor includes a pyrolysis bed and a combustion bed to conduct biomass pyrolysis and char burning, respectively. Pyrolysis reactor an overview sciencedirect topics. Design and operation of a low cost biooil fast pyrolysis from sugarcane bagasse on circulating fluidized bed reactor in a pilot plant. Design of pyrolysis reactor for production of biooil and biochar simultaneously andi aladin, ratna surya alwi, and t akdir syarif citation.
Although progress in reactor design and process optimization can contribute toward this target, the design of new active, selective, and stable catalysts for biomass pyrolysis, or also termed the in situ upgrading of biomass pyrolysis vapors without any external hydrogen addition as in hydrodeoxygenation to aliphatic hydrocarbon or aromatic. Fast pyrolysis is considered as a direct thermochemical technique that can liquefy solid biomass into liquid biooil with a high potential for energy application. Liquefaction of biomass by fast pyrolysis and subsequent upgrading of the resulting pyrolysis oil biooil by hydrotreating and hydrocrackingrefinery processes that use hydrogen to remove impurities and break large molecules down to smaller onesis a promising means for producing. Montoya j, pecha b, roman d, chejnejanna f, garciaperez m. Pdf design and fabrication of benchscale flash pyrolysis reactor. Dry and comminuted biomass is mixed with a preheated heat carrier and heated up within seconds.
Fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass in the gassolid vortex reactor arturo gonzalez, pieter a. Fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass in the gassolid. In this chapter, an overview of fast pyrolysis of biomass is provided with an emphasis on the process principle, products characteristics, and. Whether the aim is pyrolysis, gasification, or combustion, each of these reactions occurs in some parts of the reactor because of gassolids contacting. The firetube heating reactor system of pyrolysis unit was designed on the basis of the size of the system. Design consideration of pyrolysis reactor for production. Design, fabrication and performance study of a biomass. Part of theagriculture commons,bioresource and agricultural engineering commons, mechanical engineering commons, and theoil, gas, and energy commons. Effect of pyrolysis temperature and sulfuric acid during the fast pyrolysis of cellulose and douglas fir in an atmospheric pressure wire mesh reactor, energy fuels 2014 slow and fast pyrolysis of douglasfir lignin. The rotating cone reactor has many similarities except that the sand and biomass transport is effected by centrifugal forces operating in a rotating cone. Char is a cracking catalyst for biooil and must be removed. Fast pyrolysis of stem wood was performed in a pilotscale cyclone reactor with a reactor wall temperature of.
Typically on a weight basis, fast pyrolysis produces 60%75% of oily products oil and other liquids with 15%25% of solids mainly biochar and 10%20% of gaseous phase depending on the feedstock used. The reactor design utilizes a vibrating plate heated to a set pyrolysis temperature. Pyrolysis of polyethylene pe, polypropylene pp, and polystyrene ps has been investigated both theoretically and experimentally in a labscale pyrolysis reactor. Design, fabrication and t esting of waste plastic pyrolysis plant consumed to boil water gave the ef. Proceedings of the asme 2008 9th biennial conference on engineering systems design and analysis.
Fast pyrolysis and biooil upgrading ascension publishing. Development of a labscale auger reactor for biomass fast. With the circulating fluidized bed cfb as reactor, an integrated facility was developed for the fast pyrolysis of biomass. The reactor was designed and constructed for the production of biooil from the fast pyrolysis of biomass.
Our fast pyrolysis system has an auger configuration with a novel design for the auger, consisting of a combination of cut flightings and mixing paddles to increase. A central composite design of experiments was performed to evaluate the novel. Free fall reactor the primary focus of this project is to research, develop and evaluate an alternative fast pyrolysis reactor design for the production of biooil. The iea bioenergy pyrolysis task is continuing this work as a collaborative project with the european commission network on fast pyrolysis of biomass which is now known as pyne. The literature on biomass fast pyrolysis is surveyed here and how parameter such as feed rate, temperature, rate of heating, and residence time affects the process. Selective pyrolysis of lignocellulosic materials and novel. This study can provide an important basis in designing a mobile fast pyrolysis reactor for malaysias biomass which in general consists of higher cellulose.
Pyrolysis of biomass download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. Fast pyrolysis advantages operates at atmospheric pressure and modest temperatures 450 c yields of biooil can exceed 70 wt% disadvantages high oxygen and water content of pyrolysis liquids makes them inferior to conventional hydrocarbon fuels. The reactor utilises the principle of applying the biomass. Pattiya, in direct thermochemical liquefaction for energy applications, 2018. The heart of the pyrolysis plant are reactor and cooling system. The operating conditions required to maximize the yield of liquid products are investigated and discussed on the basis of a comprehensive mathematical model of woodbiomass devolatilization. A fixed bed pyrolysis system has been designed and fabricated for obtaining liquid fuel from biomass solid wastes. A novel autothermal reactor, named internally interconnected fluidized beds iifb, was developed for biomass fast pyrolysis to produce liquid fuels and chemicals.
Gasification, pyrolysis, and combustion chapter 15. Primarily to produce biooil and gas biomass is very rapidly heated 10,000. Substantial research has been focused on developing and testing various reactor types for performing pyrolysis. Design, optimization and evaluation of a freefall biomass fast. The fast pyrolysis of biomass in cfb reactor energy. Ablative pyrolysis is substantially different in concept compared to the other methods of fast pyrolysis. The pyrolysis of wood powder was processed varying the bed temperature, particle size of wood powder, and the feeder position. Pyrolysis transformation of biomass wiley online library. At kit, fast pyrolysis is conducted in a twinscrew mixing reactor. The reactor utilises the principle of applying the biomass particles directly onto a heated reactor surface under conditions of high relative motion and high applied particle pressure. The effect of process variables on pyrolysis in a freefall reactor preston gable iowa state university follow this and additional works at. Difference in pyrolysis reactor design and what you should look for. An understanding of the chemical processes and transport mechanisms of biomass pyrolysis is important for many applications including optimization of boilers and large scale furnaces, estimating the dominant design variable in pyrolysis reactor and gasifier. Bubbling fluidized bed reactor schematic 15 figure 8.
Kit ikft thermochemical conversion of biomass fast. A novel fast pyrolysis microreactor was developed to facilitate control over feedstock dwell time, pyrolysis temperature, and the individual collection of pyrolysis liquid and solid products. In this chapter, we consider, in order, gasification as an endothermic process to generate h 2 and co mixtures for fuel or synthesis gas, pyrolysis as a process to generate useful tars or. By means of fast pyrolysis, thermal energy is transferred within seconds into the organic material and the resulting vapours are removed from the hot reaction zone also within seconds. Design, fabrication and testing of waste plastic pyrolysis. This is the best material we can use for the budget target of 40 50 lakhs. The publication of this design case for fast pyrolysis of biomass to gasoline and diesel blendstock establishes a benchmark for the biomass program. Fast pyrolysis of biomass in a circulating fluidised bed. Design and construction of a smallscale fixedbed reactor. Rahul in partial fulfillments for the requirements for the award of bachelor of technology degree in. A novel design for an ablative pyrolysis reactor for the production of liquids in high yields is presented.
Additional motivation for studying the fast pyrolysis of. Crucial issues are the fast and complete heating of biomass particles to reduce char formation and the rapid. This book focuses on modeling and simulation studies of pyrolysis of biomass particles. Product gases are quickly removed and quenched t fast pyrolysis product yields are typically 5070% biooil, 1030% bio. Investigation for this work includes the pyrolysis of sawdust and bagasse through fast pyrolysis in an auger reactor. Fast pyrolysis in the fast pyrolysis process, biomass is rapidly heated to a high temperature in the absence of oxygen.
The design process followed is presented including design requirements, functional decomposition, commissioning tests, and the final microreactor design. The difference between pyrolysis reactor systems usually can be seen in the way heat transfer units are used. Coming to design, you have flat head or cone ends and dish ends in reactor design today. This paper attempts to discuss the generalized design consideration for fixed bed pyrolysis reactor. By identifying key design capital and operating costs, as well as signiicant sensitivities to the cost of production, the program can. Design, optimization and evaluation of a freefall biomass. The conversion of devdaru seeds into pyrolytic oil by fixed bed reactor has been taken into consideration in this study.
A microreactor system for the analysis of the fast. Design, development and characterization of a micro. Process design and economics for the conversion of. The reactor being studied is a radiative freefall reactor shown in figure 1.